| Artist: | Klee, Paul |
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|---|---|---|
| Title of Work: | Twittering Machine | |
| Date of Work: | 1922 | |
| Nationality: | German | |
| Context: | Imagination and fantasy | |
| Movement: | The German Bauhaus | |
| Medium: | Watercolor, Pen, and Ink | |
| Subject: a different kind of machine from the Dada parodies of the human devolving into the mechanical or the utopian formal beauty of American Precisionism. The "Twittering Machine" is neither ironic or idealizing, but rather a product of the imagination, which Paul Klee's art affirms at every turn. Crank it up, and these strange, mechanical birds start to sing their hearts out against a vast, atmospheric wash backdrop that opens up a space beyond measure. Klee's strength lies precisely in how he reveals our vulnerability in small-scale images that are nonetheless vast and deep in their profundity. Somewhere between nature and the mechanical, between the comic and the tragic, his birds "twitter" with a music that expresses how frail and vulnerable existence is, especially in the post-WWI modern world. Style: a delicate line drawing, childlike, but not childish. Klee taps the "primitive" inner child in all of us with a sophisticated wisdom and wit. "The very beginnings of art," he reminds us, "are at home in the nursery." Combines the intuitive and the mechanical, the rational and the fantastic in an art that defies stylistic reduction or categorization. There is no "ism" that can encompass his vision; in his journal he writes, "take a walk with a line," which is exactly what he does in limitless variations on the theme. In "Twittering Machine," Klee gives a different picture of the machine aesthetic, suggesting how the machine can stimulate fantasy and the imagination. Though he works an intimate scale, his art is capable of addressing both the comical and the tragic. The focus is always on the creative process. "I am not at all graspable in this world, for I live as much with the dead as with the unborn. Somewhat closer to the heart of creation than usual. But not nearly close enough." Context: Klee is a member of the esteemed faculty of the Bauhaus from 1921 to 1931, overlapping with Kandinsky for nine years. Part of the utopian, postwar celebration of a machine aesthetic, the Bauhaus slogan was: "Art and Technology - A New Unity." But the curriculum of the Bauhaus was well-rounded and interdisciplinary: they studied everything from crafts to architecture, sculpture, painting, stage design, typography, music, dance, and eastern philosophies and religions. For the members of the Bauhaus, there was "no essential difference between the artist and craftsman," and technology and spiritual growth were not only compatible, but co-dependent. Teachers were expected to exercise creative flexibility outside their "expertise." Students worked alongside their instructors according to a collaborative group model rather than the traditional academic hierarchy of the "expert" handing down information to the lowly students who dare not question authority. Taking on real-world commissions in design problems, the school became self-sustaining, teaching through creative problem-solving and collaboration. Their art was socially oriented rather than art for art's sake. Klee was a part of this positive, communal approach to the problems of the industrial machine age, but what he offered was an art that focused on the imagination and the creative process as that which makes us most human. "The work of art is above all a process of creation," he reminds us, "it is never experienced as a mere product." Klee fit into the transcendent, visionary side of the Bauhaus philosophy: 'Art does not render the visible," he tells us, "rather, it makes visible." | ||
