GEOG318 Russia and Its Neighbors       EXAMINATION#3  Study Guide


a  May 19 W 2:45-4:45 p.m.  

In case you miss the test -- there will be no opportunity for making up the test, you would get an Incomplete and have to wait until the fall.


arrow Bring scantron sheet Form 882-ES.

You will have 97 questions (+ 3 extra) and 120 minute time period.

True/False ~ 38 questions (1 point each)

Multiple Choice (~ 39 questions + 3 extra, 1 point each): Select the letter of the best answer to the question.

Map Matching (20 questions): Match the name and its location on the map (1 point each). [The map with the list of places was distributed in class.]



17 Post-Soviet Transitions: Culture/Economy

Post-Soviet urban development trends in urban historical conservation, retailing, housing, office space provision

Yurii Luzhkov, the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, Manege Sq. complex, malls, neo-vysotkas, khrushcheby, the Moscow-City complex [Moskva-City] – basic geographic and social characteristics: underground or above, tall or not, what social changes these projects exemplify

Moscow subway system, McDonald’s – what is special about them?

Green areas in Moscow: how did the Soviets kept them in the city

# of churches in Moscow before 1917, in the mid-1980s, and 1990s

What are the forces which have been altering the traditional Orthodox cityscape of Moscow

Territorial mismatch in churches’ location and residential areas

Church of Kazan’ Icon of the Holy Virgin on Red Square (Kazanskii Church), SS Boris and Gleb Chapel and others – politics behind

Poklonnaia Hill -- everything

# of vysotkas in Moscow

Film: Moscow: From Marx to McDonald’s



18 Nationalities Policies and Federalism

Classification of languages – basic units and their logic (scope)

Languages of Russia – two major linguistic families. 

Indo-European family: everything: 5 sub-families and languages in them, their geography in Russia

Ural-Altaic family: two major sub-families and their basic geography/religious connection

Finno-Ugrian: major examples of languages

Turkic: all examples

Mongolian: example

Caucasian (Iberian): major examples

Religions in the former USSR: at the level of 15 republics – which are predominantly: Orthodox, Christian (ancient, monophysite version), Protestant (Lutheran), Roman-Catholic, Muslim

In Russia, at the level of autonomous republics: which are traditionally Muslim, Buddhist, pagan, nominally Judaist

Nationalities policy changes: Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, Yeltsin

Internationalist vs. nationalist ideology, self-determination, nativization (korenizatsia), sliyanie, sblizhenie; Soviet identity

Federalism vs. confederation

Federalist arrangement of the f. USSR.  Current Russia: autonomous (ethnic) republics (f. ASSR) vs. Russian provinces (oblast)

Russians in the f USSR (1989) and the Russian Federation (now): percentage of total population

# of Russian outside of Russia.  Major exclaves: Moldova, Kazakhstan, Ukraine: where?

The Jews in the Imperial Russia before 1917 – where was the Pale?

Right for self-determination

Russification

Perestroyka, glasnost

Nation, state, nation-state, empire, ethnoregionalism

‘Internal colonies’ features

Titular nationality
Near Abroad
Irredentism

Film: Dagestan.  Centripetal vs. centrifugal forces inside of the republic and in its relations with Russia.  Physical geography and cultural characteristics of the area.  Chechens in WWII.



19 Russia: identity, geopolitics and homeland

Geopolitics vs. political geography

Mahan, Ratzel, Mackinder, Spykman, De Seversky, Huntington – their basic ideas/concepts

Sea Power, the Organic State, lebensraium, the Geographical Pivot, the Heartland, the World Island, the Rimland, Air Power, the Clash of Civilizations (which of them Russia belongs to and which are bordering it)

Slavophiles vs. Westernizers vs. Eurasianists vs. Neo-Eurasianists: their basic ideas, their differences and similarities

Eurasianists vs. Neo-Eurasianists: key names.  Attitude to empire (imperial aspirations).  Physical geographic arguments in support

Russian identity, homeland and empire.  Exclusive or inclusive vision of non-Russian people?

Lingua franca

Russian Empire vs. the British Empire: basic similarities and differences

Russia’s post-Soviet identity crisis: why?

Eurasian dilemmas

Liberal vs. neo-nationalist vs. neo-Soviet vs. democratic statist: visions of Russian homeland, key names

Dugin, Solzhenitsyn, Gumilev, Zhirinovsky

Film: Why We Fight (v.5 Battle for Russia) [fragment]: why did in the past different invaders attached Russia?




20 The Break-Up of the USSR: A Break in Continuity


Why Did the USSR Break Up?

Devolution

Uniting-disuniting forces in the USSR and the Russian Federation

Irredentism

Russia’s external challenges

Post-Soviet territorial conflicts, their ethnic-geographic nature: Trans-Dnistria, Kurils, Nagorno-Karabakh, Kaliningrad, Crimea, Chechnya, Bering Sea

CIS – meaning

Russia in its new borders: is it more or less ethnically homogeneous?

Concept of ‘double borders’



21 The Western Façade: Ukraine and the Baltics

Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine, Belarus – for each: basic feature, dominant religion, linguistic family/subfamily, relative population size, relations with Russia

Which have many Russians (%)

Chernobyl, Trans-Dnisteria, Crimea (incl. Sevastopol), Donbass, Trans-Carpathia, Kaliningrad

Exclave vs. enclave

Russia’s territorial conflicts in North-West and the Arctic: Karelia, dispute with the US

Films: Ukraine, The Baltic States [Video Visits]



22 The Southern Tier: Caucasus and Central Asia

Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan – for each: basic feature, dominant religion, linguistic family/subfamily, relative population size, relations with Russia, resources, level of development

Which have many Russians (%)

Nagorno-Karabakh, S Ossetia, Abkhazia, Adjaria: where?  current status

The Armenian genocide

The Caspian: resources

The traditional Silk Road cities

The Aral Sea problem

Intra-Central Asian issues

Forward capital, personality cult

Film: Central Asia [Globe Trekker]: fragment on Kyrgyzstan



23 The Far Eastern Backyard: Siberia and China

Physical regions in Siberia: W, Central, E parts. Central Asian Ranges.  Basic features

Volcanoes: where

Conflict areas with China, Japan, the US

Russia's population worries

Transportation links.  Trans-Siberian line, the Northern Sea Route: when, why important

BAM

Vladivostok, Kamchatka and Baikal: basic features/lifestyle

Buryatia, Tuva: religious specificity.  Separatism

Chinese penetration into Far East.

Films: Post-Soviet Siberia (Vladivostok, Kamchatka and Baikal); The BAM zone 



24 Domestic Boundaries and the Russian Question

Russia through history: territorial organization and political regime

Continuous empire, colonies, metropolitan area, metropoly,
 
Authoritarian and totalitarian political regimes

Ethno-egoism, ethnocentrism, and chauvinism  
centralization, unitarism,. regionalism

The "Russian Question" and the Chances of Ethnic Russian Separatism

Putin’s "vertical power structure"

Russia’s break-up (rumored CIA forecast for 2015)




25 Domestic Boundaries and the Russian Question

Russia through history: territorial organization and political regime

Continuous empire, colonies, metropolitan area.  Authoritarian and totalitarian political regimes

Ethno-egoism, ethnocentrism, and chauvinism  centralization, unitarism,. Regionalism

Putin’s "vertical power structure"

Non-Russian territorial homelands: Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, N Caucasus, Kalmykia, Tuva, and Buryatia

The Finno-Ugrian republics

The "Russian Question" and the Chances of Ethnic Russian Separatism

Russia’s break-up (rumored CIA forecast for 2015). Stabilizing factors

Russia and its neighbors: regional trends

Film: The Volga River, The Kuzbass