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Biology 316- General Entomology

Exam I

Spring 2001

Spelling and grammar count. This exam is worth 100 points.

  1. Draw a cladogram with the following taxa included: Arthropoda, Annelida, Mollusca, Tardigrada, and Onychophora. Include at least one distinguishing character for each split and one distinguishing character that unites all of the phyla into one clade. (15 points)
  2. Draw a cladogram with the following taxa included: Arachnida, Merostomata, Crustacea, Diplopoda, Chilopoda, and Hexapoda (Insecta). Include at least one distinguishing character for each split and one distinguishing character that unites all of the taxa into one phylum. (15 points)
  3. Contrast digestion in the arachnids and the hexapods by identifying three ways in which their systems differ. (15 points) You must use complete sentences.
  4. For each taxon and function listed below, give the structure that accomplishes the function. Two points per blank (40 total).

Taxon Function Structure
Hexapoda removes Na+ and K+ from excrement  
Hexapoda Grows the "hair" of a trichoid sensillum  
Hexapoda Protects the lining of the gut from abrasion  
Pseudoscorpiones Location of the poison gland  
Hexapoda Absorption of nutrients  
Hexapoda Sensory structure used in hearing  
Hexapoda Innervates the salivary glands  
Arachnida Formation of guanine  
Araneae Gas exchange  
Hexapoda Sensory structure used in proprioception  
Araneae Location of the poison gland  
Hexapoda Secretes the exocrine glands  
Araneae Used in sperm transfer  
Hexapoda Produces proteins  
Araneae Allows for silk threads of different thickness  
Araneae Detects air borne vibrations (in some)  
Hexapoda Carries an impulse from a sensory structure to a ganglion  
Hexapoda Detects sex pheromones  
Hexapoda Grinds food internally  
Hexapoda Is the sclerotized layer of the integument  

 

Choose ONE of the following three questions to answer.

Only answer ONE.

You must use complete sentences.

Please do not write more than will fit on this page.

Compare and contrast the two basic types of ventilation (gas exchange) seen in the hexapods. "Compare and contrast" means how are they similar and how are they different. (15 points)

Describe the process of molting and pupation. Be sure to mention the key hormones and their roles. (15 points)

Compare and contrast the structure and function of the two types of ommatidia. (15 points)