Codebook

The 1984 Election

1464 1 YES

525 2 NO

V2 VALIDATED VOTING RECORD (1134) DK. 1, COL. 2
Validation of voter turnout, through checks of official records by study interviewers. Cases where it was not possible to clearly validate the respondent as having voted or not are classified as "unclear."

1244 1 VOTER

593 2 NONVOTER

152 3 UNCLEAR

V3 PRESIDENTIAL VOTE (0788) DK. 1, COL. 3
Who did you vote for in the presidential election?

801 1 REAGAN

575 2 MONDALE

613 9 NA

V4 DEMOC PARTY CAND PREF (0211) DK. 1, COL. 4
Which candidate did you most want to see win the Democratic presidential nomination?

487 1 MONDALE

744 2 HART

196 3 GLENN

153 4 JACKSON

125 5 OTHER

284 9 NA

V5 CONGRESS ELECT VOTE (0793) DK. 1, COL. 5
Who did you vote for in the elections for the House of Representatives? (response categorized by the party of the candidate)

653 1 DEMOCRATIC

534 2 REPUBLICAN

802 9 NA

V6 TYPE OF CONGRESS RACE (0059) DK. 1, COL. 6
Classification of the type of race for the House of Representatives in the respondent's congressional district. Districts were classified as to whether: (a) a Democratic incumbent Representative was running for re-election; (b) a Republican incumbent was running for re-election; or (c) no incumbent was running for re-election. Cases where a Democratic or Republican incumbent was running were further classified as to whether the incumbent was opposed by another candidate or was unopposed.

225 1 UNOPPOSED DEMOCRATIC INCUMBENT

1052 2 OPPOSED DEMOCRATIC INCUMBENT

157 3 NO INCUMBENT RUNNING

510 4 OPPOSED REPUBLICAN INCUMBENT

45 5 UNOPPOSED REPUBLICAN INCUMBENT

V7 STATE-LOCAL VOTE SUMMARY (0800,0801) DK. 1, COL. 7
How did you vote in the elections for state and local offices?

298 1 ALL REPUBLICAN

253 2 MOSTLY REPUBLICAN

271 3 MIXED DEMOCRATIC & REPUBLICAN

196 4 MOSTLY DEMOCRATIC

359 5 ALL DEMOCRATIC

612 9 NA

V8 PARTY IDENTIFICATION (0318) DK. 1, COL. 8
Do you consider yourself to be a Democrat, a Republican, an independent, or what? If Democrat or Republican, are you a strong or a weak Democrat or Republican? If independent, are you closer to the Democrats or the Republicans? (note: independents who are closer to the Democrats are combined with the weak Democrats in one category, and similarly for weak and independent Republicans.)

331 1 STRONG DEMOCRAT

605 2 WEAK & INDEPENDENT DEMOCRAT

213 3 INDEPENDENT

543 4 WEAK & INDEPENDENT REPUBLICAN

256 5 STRONG REPUBLICAN

41 9 NA

B. POLITICAL INVOLVEMENT ITEMS

508 1 MOST OF TIME

700 2 SOME OF TIME

445 3 LITTLE

270 4 VERY LITTLE

66 9 NA

V10 DISCUSS POLITICS (0106) DK. 1, COL. 10
How often do you discuss politics with your family or friends?

431 1 MUCH

488 2 SOME

450 3 RARELY

616 4 NEVER

4 9 NA

V11 INTEREST IN CAMPAIGN (0075) DK. 1, COL. 11
How interested have you been in the political campaigns this year?

581 1 VERY MUCH

939 2 SOMEWHAT

462 3 NOT MUCH

7 9 NA

V12 CAMPAIGN ACTIVITY INDEX (0818,0819,0821,0823) DK. 1, COL. 12
Index of campaign activity that indicates the total number of the following activities that the respondent engaged in: trying to influence others to vote for a candidate; attending meetings or rallies; working for a party or a candidate; wearing a button or placing a sticker on a car.

1189 1 NONE

545 2 ONE

202 3 TWO OR MORE

53 9 NA

V13 CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTION (0825) DK. 1, COL. 13
Did you give any money to a political candidate, or a political party, or a particular issue group?

242 1 YES

1696 2 NO

51 9 NA

V14 WATCH TV NEWS ABT ELEC (0111) DK. 1, COL. 14
How much attention did you pay to television news about the presidential campaign?

809 1 MUCH

560 2 SOME

600 3 LITTLE OR NONE

20 9 NA

V15 READ NEWSPAPERS ABT ELEC (0116) DK. 1, COL. 15
How much attention did you pay to newspaper articles about the presidential campaign?

432 1 MUCH

571 2 SOME

971 3 LITTLE OR NONE

15 9 NA

V16 READ NEWS MAGS ABT ELEC (0118) DK. 1, COL. 16
How much attention did you pay to magazine articles about the presidential campaign?

135 1 MUCH

153 2 SOME

1692 3 LITTLE OR NONE

9 9 NA

V17 LISTEN RADIO ABT ELEC (0724) DK. 1, COL. 17
How much did you listen to discussions about the presidential campaign on the radio?

566 1 MUCH

306 2 SOME

1067 3 LITTLE OR NONE

50 9 NA

V18 WATCH PRESID DEBATES (0731,0733) DK. 1, COL. 18
Did you watch the televised debates between Reagan and Mondale?

933 1 BOTH DEBATES

277 2 FIRST DEBATE ONLY

248 3 SECOND DEBATE ONLY

450 4 NEITHER DEBATE

81 9 NA

C. CANDIDATE IMAGE ITEMS

657 1 STRONGLY APPROVE

526 2 APPROVE

283 3 DISAPPROVE

380 4 STRONGLY DISAPPROVE

143 9 NA

V20 FEELING THERM-CARTER (0293) DK. 1, COL. 20
Respondent's feeling toward Jimmy Carter, expressed on a thermometer ranging from 0' to 100'.

133 1 0-20

355 2 21-40

701 3 41-60

313 4 61-80

319 5 81-100

168 9 NA

V21 FEELING THERM-REAGAN (0290) DK. 1, COL. 21
Respondent's feeling toward Ronald Reagan, expressed on a thermometer ranging from 0' to 100'.

99 1 0-20

236 2 21-40

404 3 41-60

397 4 61-80

673 5 81-100

180 9 NA

V22 FEELING THERM-MONDALE (0301) DK. 1, COL. 22
Respondent's feeling toward Walter Mondale, expressed on a thermometer ranging from 0' to 100'.

117 1 0-20

316 2 21-40

665 3 41-60

297 4 61-80

435 5 81-100

159 9 NA

V23 FEELING THERM-BUSH (0292) DK. 1, COL. 23
Respondent's feeling toward George Bush, expressed on a thermometer ranging from 0' to 100'.

9 3 1 0-20

259 2 21-40

790 3 41-60

374 4 61-80

269 5 81-100

204 9 NA

V24 FEELING THERM-FERRARO (0304) DK. 1, COL. 24
Respondent's feeling toward Geraldine Ferraro, expressed on a thermometer ranging from 0' to 100'.

90 1 0-20

262 2 21-40

650 3 41-60

293 4 61-80

423 5 81-100

271 9 NA

V25 REAGAN HARD WORKING? (0319) DK. 1, COL. 25
How well does the phrase "hard working" describe Reagan?

392 1 EXTREMELY WELL

975 2 QUITE WELL

570 3 NOT WELL

52 9 NA

V26 REAGAN COMAND RESPECT? (0322) DK. 1, COL. 26
How well does the phrase "commands respect" describe Reagan?

628 1 EXTREMELY WELL

887 2 QUITE WELL

399 3 NOT WELL

75 9 NA

V27 REAGAN INSPIRING? (0326) DK. 1, COL. 27
How well does the word "inspiring" describe Reagan?

421 1 EXTREMELY WELL

700 2 QUITE WELL

771 3 NOT WELL

97 9 NA

V28 REAGAN KNOWLEDGEABLE? (0327) DK. 1, COL. 28
How well does the word "knowledgable" describe Reagan?

536 1 EXTREMELY WELL

933 2 QUITE WELL

446 3 NOT WELL

74 9 NA

V29 REAGAN STRONG LEADER? (0330) DK. 1, COL. 29
How well does the phrase "strong leader" describe Reagan?

573 1 EXTREMELY WELL

804 2 QUITE WELL

545 3 NOT WELL

67 9 NA

V30 REAGAN FAIR? (0332) DK. 1, COL. 30
How well does the word "fair" describe Reagan?

269 1 EXTREMELY WELL

837 2 QUITE WELL

804 3 NOT WELL

79 9 NA

V31 MONDALE HARD WORKING? (0335) DK. 1, COL. 31
How well does the phrase "hard working" describe Mondale?

484 1 EXTREMELY WELL

1127 2 QUITE WELL

178 3 NOT WELL

200 9 NA

V32 MONDALE COMMAND RESPECT? (0338) DK. 1, COL. 32
How well does the phrase "commands respect" describe Mondale?

219 1 EXTREMELY WELL

838 2 QUITE WELL

756 3 NOT WELL

176 9 NA

V33 MONDALE INSPIRING? (0342) DK. 1, COL. 33
How well does the word "inspiring" describe Mondale?

178 1 EXTREMELY WELL

579 2 QUITE WELL

1033 3 NOT WELL

199 9 NA

V34 MONDALE KNOWLEDGEABLE? (0343) DK. 1, COL. 34
How well does the word "knowledgeable" describe Mondale?

377 1 EXTREMELY WELL

1096 2 QUITE WELL

350 3 NOT WELL

166 9 NA

V35 MONDALE STRONG LEADER? (0346) DK. 1, COL. 35
How well does the phrase "strong leader" describe Mondale?

194 1 EXTREMELY WELL

645 2 QUITE WELL

908 3 NOT WELL

242 9 NA

V36 MONDALE FAIR? (0348) DK. 1, COL. 36
How well does the word "fair" describe Mondale?

228 1 EXTREMELY WELL

1103 2 QUITE WELL

414 3 NOT WELL

244 9 NA

V37 LIB-CON SCALE: REAGAN (0371) DK. 1, COL. 37
Respondent's placement of Reagan on a scale running from Liberal to Conservative.

202 1 LIBERAL

151 2 SLIGHTLY LIBERAL

175 3 MODERATE

243 4 SLIGHTLY CONSERVATIVE

893 5 CONSERVATIVE

325 9 NA

V38 LIB-CON SCALE: MONDALE (0372) DK. 1, COL. 38
Respondent's placement of Mondale on a scale running from liberal to conservative.

546 1 LIBERAL

358 2 SLIGHTLY LIBERAL

356 3 MODERATE

177 4 SLIGHTLY CONSERVATIVE

196 5 CONSERVATIVE

356 9 NA

V39 LIB-CON SCALE: DEM PARTY (0373) DK. 1, COL. 39
Respondent's placement of the Democratic Party on a scale running from liberal to conservative.

589 1 LIBERAL

366 2 SLIGHTLY LIBERAL

295 3 MODERATE

166 4 SLIGHTLY CONSERVATIVE

199 5 CONSERVATIVE

374 9 NA

V40 LIB-CON SCALE: REP PARTY (0374) DK. 1, COL. 40
Respondent's placement of the Republican Party on a scale running from liberal to conservative.

164 1 LIBERAL

156 2 SLIGHTLY LIBERAL

210 3 MODERATE

343 4 SLIGHTLY CONSERVATIVE

746 5 CONSERVATIVE

370 9 NA

D. ECONOMIC CONDITION ITEMS

864 1 BETTER

557 2 SAME

530 3 WORSE

38 9 NA

V42 FUTURE FINANCIAL COND (0151) DK. 1, COL. 42
Do you think that a year from now you will be better off financially, worse off, or about the same as now?

726 1 BETTER

966 2 SAME

165 3 WORSE

132 9 NA

V43 IMPROVEMENT IN INCOME (0154) DK. 1, COL. 43
Do you think that over the last year, your income has gone up more, fallen behind, or stayed even with the cost of living?

313 1 UP MORE

896 2 EVEN

728 3 BEHIND

52 9 NA

V44 EFFECTS OF ECON POLICY (0167) DK. 1, COL. 44
Would you say that the economic policies of the federal government have made you better off, worse off, or haven't they made any difference?

356 1 BETTER

1112 2 NO DIFFERENCE

421 3 WORSE

100 9 NA

V45 ECON CONDITION: BLACKS (0200) DK. 1, COL. 45
Would you say that over the past year the economic position of blacks has gotten better, stayed the same, or gotten worse?

629 1 BETTER

723 2 SAME

336 3 WORSE

301 9 NA

V46 ECON CONDITION: ELDERLY (0201) DK. 1, COL. 46
Would you say that over the past year the economic condition of the elderly has gotten better, stayed the same, or gotten worse?

180 1 BETTER

602 2 SAME

782 3 WORSE

425 9 NA

V47 ECON CONDITION: POOR (0202) DK. 1, COL. 47
Would you say that over the past year the economic position of the poor has gotten better, stayed the same, or gotten worse?

190 1 BETTER

680 2 SAME

883 3 WORSE

236 9 NA

V48 ECON CONDITION: MD CLASS (0203) DK. 1, COL. 48
Would you say that over the past year the economic position of the middle class has gotten better, stayed the same, or gotten worse?

322 1 BETTER

798 2 SAME

382 3 WORSE

487 9 NA

V49 ECONOMY BETTER? (0227) DK. 1, COL. 49
Would you say that over the past year the nation's economy has gotten better, stayed the same, or gotten worse?

836 1 BETTER

632 2 SAME

432 3 WORSE

89 9 NA

V50 HARDER TO FIND WORK? (0239) DK. 1, COL. 50
Would you say that over the past year people across the country have had a harder or an easier time finding work, or have things stayed about the same?

808 1 HARDER

559 2 SAME

555 3 EASIER

67 9 NA

V51 COST OF LIVING GONE UP? (0242) DK. 1, COL. 51
During the last year, have the costs of things gone up, gone down, or stayed about the same?

548 1 UP A LOT

782 2 UP A LITTLE

626 3 SAME OR LESS

33 9 NA

V52 REAGAN PERFORM: ECONOMY (0261) DK. 1, COL, 52
Do you approve or disapprove of the way that Reagan is handling the economy?

591 1 STRONGLY APPROVE

492 2 APPROVE

294 3 DISAPPROVE

474 4 STRONGLY DISAPPROVE

138 9 NA

V53 REAGAN PERFORM: BUDGET (0263) DK. 1, COL. 53

Do you approve or disapprove of the way that Reagan is handling the balancing of the national budget?

266 1 STRONGLY APPROVE

396 2 APPROVE

349 3 DISAPPROVE

717 4 STRONGLY DISAPPROVE

261 9 NA

E. DOMESTIC ISSUE ITEMS

310 1 FEWER

262 2

521 3

304 4

287 5 MORE

305 9 NA

V55 GOVT SERVICES: REAGAN (0376) DK. 1, COL. 55
Respondent's placement of Reagan on the government services and spending scale (see V54).

784 1 FEWER

341 2

239 3

141 4

106 5 MORE

378 9 NA

V56 GOVT SERVICES: MONDALE (0377) DK. 1, COL. 56
Respondent's placement of Mondale on the government services and spending scale (see V54).

78 1 FEWER

121 2

286 3

418 4

613 5 MORE

473 9 NA

V57 GUAR JOB SCALE (0414) DK. 1, COL. 57
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "having the government see that every person has a job and a good standard of living" to "letting each person get ahead on his own."

334 1 GUARANTEED JOB

217 2

406 3

333 4

426 5 INDIVIDUAL ON OWN

273 9 NA

V58 GUAR JOB SCALE: REAGAN (0415) DK 1, COL. 58
Respondent's placement of Reagan on the guaranteed job and living standard scale (see V57).

107 1 GUARANTEED JOB

134 2

301 3

408 4

655 5 INDIVIDUAL ON OWN

384 9 NA

V59 GUAR JOB SCALE: MONDALE (0416) DK. 1, COL. 59
Respondent's placement of Mondaie on the guaranteed job and living standard scale (see V57).

471 1 GUARANTEED JOB

402 2

391 3

164 4

80 5 INDIVIDUAL ON OWN

481 9 NA

V60 MINORITY AID SCALE (0382) DK 1, COL. 60
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "the government should make every effortto improve the position of blacks and other minority groups" to "the government should not make any special effort to help minorities."

286 1 HELP MINORITIES

260 2

539 3

319 4

331 5 MINORITIES ON OWN

254 9 NA

V61 MINORITY AID: REAGAN (0383) DK 1, COL. 61
Respondent's placement of Reagan on the minority aid scale (see V60).

167 1 HELP MINORITIES

241 2

350 3

369 4

489 5 MINORITIES ON OWN

373 9 NA

V62 MINORITY AID: MONDALE (0384) DK 1, COL. 62
Respondent's placement of Mondale on the minority aid scale (see V60).

562 1 HELP MINORITIES

384 2

329 3

144 4

112 5 MINORITIES ON OWN

458 9 NA

V63 ENVIRONMENTAL SPENDING (0996) DK. 1, COL. 63
Should federal government spending on protecting the environment be increased, decreased, or kept the same?

671 1 INCREASE

1015 2 SAME

152 3 DECREASE

151 9 NA

V64 SOCIAL SECURITY SPENDING (0999) DK. 1, COL. 64
Should federal government spending on social security be increased, decreased, or kept the same?

986 1 INCREASE

838 2 SAME

68 3 DECREASE

97 9 NA

V65 FOOD STAMPS SPENDING (1000) DK. 1, COL. 65
Should federal government spending on food stamps be increased, decreased, or kept the same.

386 1 INCREASE

833 2 SAME

590 3 DECREASE

180 9 NA

V66 ABORTION (0423) DK. 1, COL. 66
Which opinion best agrees with your view on abortion: (a) it should never be permitted; (b) it should be permitted only in cases of rape, incest, or danger to the mother's life; (c) it should be permitted for other reasons as well, but only if the need is established; (d) it always should be permitted as a matter of personal choice.

242 1 NEVER

578 2 FOR RAPE, INCEST, ETC.

395 3 IF NEED ESTABLISHED

709 4 ALWAYS

65 9 NA

F. FOREIGN AFFAIRS ITEMS

508 1 STRONGLY AGREE

464 2 APPROVE

271 3 DISAPPROVE

593 4 STRONGLY DISAPPROVE

153 9 NA

V68 U. S. STRONGER? (0246) DK. 1, COL. 68
During the past year, has the U.S. position in the world grown stronger, grown weaker, or stayed the same?

535 1 WEAKER

746 2 SAME

641 3 STRONGER

67 9 NA

V69 WORRIED ABT CONVEN WAR? (0247) DK. 1, COL. 69
How worried are you about our country getting into a conventional war?

370 1 VERY

811 2 SOMEWHAT

787 3 NOT WORRIED

21 9 NA

V70 WORRIED ABT NUC WAR? (0248) DK. 1, COL. 70

How worried are you about our country getting into a nuclear war?

583 1 VERY

682 2 SOMEWHAT

707 3 NOT WORRIED

17 9 NA

V71 BEST PARTY TO AVOID WAR (0249) DK. 1, COL. 71
Would the problem of keeping the country out or war be better handled by the Republicans, the Democrats, or the same by both?

449 1 DEMOCRATS

938 2 NO DIFFERENCE

511 3 REPUBLICANS

91 9 NA

V72 DEFENSE SPENDING SCALE (0395) DK. 1, COL. 72
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "greatly increasing defense spending" to "greatly decreasing

defense spending."

340 1 GREAT DECREASE

229 2

560 3

318 4

287 5 GREAT INCREASE

255 9 NA

V73 DEFENSE SPEND: REAGAN (0396) DK. 1, COL. 73
Respondent's placement of Reagan on the defense spending scale (see V72).

74 1 GREAT DECREASE

48 2

119 3

316 4

1111 5 GREAT INCREASE

321 9 NA

V74 DEFENSE SPEND: MONDALE (0397) DK. 1, COL. 74
Respondent's placement of Mondale on the defense spending scale (see V72).

452 1 GREAT DECREASE

405 2

381 3

195 4

107 5 GREATINCREASE

449 9 NA

V75 CENT AMER INVOL SCALE (0388) DK. 1, COL. 75
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "the U.S. should be much more involved in the internal affairs of Central American countries" to "the U.S. should be much less involved in this area."

201 1 MORE INVOLVEMENT

183 2

317 3

277 4

554 5 LESS INVOLVEMENT

457 9 NA

V76 CENT AMER INVOL: REAGAN (0389) DK. 1, COL. 76
Respondent's placement of Reagan on the Central American involvement scale (see V75).

745 1 MORE INVOLVEMENT

335 2

152 3

103 4

129 5 LESS INVOLVEMENT

525 9 NA

V77 CENT AMER INVOL: MONDALE (0390) DK 1, COL. 77
Respondent's placement of Mondale on the Central American involvement scale (see V75).

119 1 MORE INVOLVEMENT

198 2

332 3

294 4

336 5 LESS INVOLVEMENT

710 9 NA

V78 COOP WITH USSR SCALE (0408) DK 1, COL. 78
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "we should cooperate more with Russia" to "be tougher in our dealings with Russia."

372 1 COOPERATE MORE

227 2

375 3

291 4

412 5 BE TOUGHER

312 9 NA

V79 COOP WITH USSR: REAGAN (0409) DK 1, COL. 79
Respondent's placement of Reagan on the USSR scale (see V78).

136 1 COOPERATE MORE

133 2

232 3

404 4

696 5 BE TOUGHER

388 9 NA

V80 COOP WITH USSR: MONDALE (0410) DK 1, COL. 80
Respondent's placement of Mondale on the USSR scale (see V78).

435 1 COOPERATE MORE

372 2

401 3

143 4

105 5 BE TOUGHER

533 9 NA

G. GENERAL POLITICAL ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS

174 1 LIBERAL

188 2 SLIGHTLY LIBERAL

459 3 MODERATE

284 4 SLIGHTLY CONSERVATIVE

302 5 CONSERVATIVE

582 9 NA

V82 MOST IMP NATION PROB (0993) DK. 2, COL. 2
What is the single most important problem the country faces? (Responses were placed into one of the five categories below.)

530 1 ECONOMY

421 2 SOCIAL WELFARE PROBLEMS

246 3 OTHER DOMESTIC PROBLEMS

302 4 FOREIGN AFFAIRS

295 5 NATIONAL DEFENSE

195 9 NA

V83 BEST PARTY FOR PROBLEM (0995) DK 2, COL. 3
Which political party would be most likely to get the government to do a better job with the problem you think is most important?

565 1 DEMOCRATS

782 2 NO DIFFERENCE

438 3 REPUBLICANS

204 9 NA

V84 MEN BETTER FOR POLITICS? (0257) DK 2, COL. 4
Most men are better suited emotionally for politics than are most women. (agree or disagree?)

307 1 STRONGLY AGREE

437 2 AGREE

308 3 NEUTRAL

421 4 DISAGREE

478 5 STRONGLY DISAGREE

38 9 NA

V85 BENEFITS OF INDIV EFFORT (0205,0207,0209) DK 2, COL. 5
Index measuring the respondent's belief in the likelihood of hard work resulting in success (based on the respondent's answers to three questions). "High" means a strong belief that hard work Pays Off

407 1 HIGH

442 2

460 3

396 4

222 5 LOW

62 9 NA

V86 NEED TO EMPHASIZE EQUAL (0206,0208,255) DK. 2, COL. 6
Index measuring the respondent's belief in the importance of making sure that everyone has an equal chance (based on the respondent's answers to three questions). "High" means a strong belief in the importance in insuring equality.

413 1 HIGH

483 2

480 3

223 4

290 5 LOW

100 9 NA

V87 PEOPLE HAVE NO SAY (0312) DK. 2, COL. 7
People like me don't have any say about what the government does. (agree or disagree?)

598 1 AGREE

1368 2 DISAGREE

23 9 NA

V88 OFFICIALS DO NOT CARE (0313) DK. 2, COL. 8
1 don't think public officials care much what people like me think. (agree or disagree?)

819 1 AGREE

1142 2 DISAGREE

28 9 NA

V89 POLITICS TOO COMPLICATED (0314) DK. 2, COL. 9
Sometimes politics and government seem so complicated that a person like me can't understand what is going on. (agree or disagree?)

1380 1 AGREE

594 2 DISAGREE

15 9 NA

V90 POLITICAL EFFICACY INDEX (0312-0314) DK. 2, COL. 10
Index measuring the respondent's sense of political efficacy, based on responses to V87, V88, V89. A high sense of efficacy refers to a belief that one can have an influence on government.

373 1 HIGH

448 2

741 3

384 4 LOW

43 9 NA

V91 GOVT WASTES MONEY? (11063) DK. 2, COL. 11
Do you think that the people in government waste a lot of the money we pay in taxes?

635 1 NOT A LOT

1244 2 A LOT

110 9 NA

V92 TRUST GOVT IN WASH? (1064) DK. 2, COL. 12
How much of the time can you trust the government in Washington to do what is right?

846 1 MOST OF TIME

1038 2 SOME OF TIME

105 9 NA

V93 GOVT RUN FOR ALL? (1065) DK. 2, COL. 13
Would you say the government is run by a few big interests looking out for themselves, or is run for the benefit of all the people?

739 1 FOR ALL

1044 2 FOR FEW

206 9 NA

V94 GOVT PEOPLE CROOKED? (1066) DK. 2, COL. 14
Do you think quite a few of the people running the government are crooked?

275 1 VERY FEW

945 2 NOT MANY

611 3 MANY

158 9 NA

V95 TRUST IN GOVT INDEX (1063,1066) DK. 2, COL. 15
Index measuring the respondent's trust in government, based on responses to V91, V92, V93, V94. A high sense of trust refers to a belief that government is run honestly and for the benefit of all.

595 1 HIGH

387 2

394 3

348 4 LOW

265 9 NA

H. SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTS

566 2 MIDWEST

661 3 SOUTH

403 4 WEST

V97 SIZE OF COMMUNITY (0019) DK. 2, COL. 17
Size of the community that the respondent lives in.

483 1 LARGE URBAN AREA

805 2 MEDIUM URBAN AREA

701 3 TOWN OR RURAL

V98 TYPE OF COMMUNITY (0019) DK. 2, COL. 18
Type of community the respondent lives in.

445 1 CENTRAL CITY

843 2 SUBURBAN AREA

701 3 NONMETROPOLITAN

V99 GENDER (0707) DK. 2, COL. 19
Respondent's gender.

874 1 MALE

1115 2 FEMALE

V100 RACE/ETHNICITY (0708,0709) DK. 2, COL. 20
Respondent's race/ethnicity.

1610 1 WHITE

214 2 BLACK

116 3 HISPANIC

41 4 OTHER

8 9 NA

V101 MARITAL STATUS (0430) DK. 2, COL. 21
Respondent's marital status.

1144 1 MARRIED

352 2 SINGLE

260 3 DIVORCED/SEPARATED

218 4 WIDOWED

15 9 NA

V102 CHILDREN IN HOUSEHOLD? (0071-0074) DK. 2, COL. 22
Are there children under the age of 18 living in your household?

1130 1 NO

857 2 YES

2 9 NA

V103 AGE (0429) DK. 2, COL. 23
Respondent's age.

257 1 18-24

490 2 25-34

384 3 35-44

256 4 45-54

250 5 55-64

337 6 65 & OVER

15 9 NA

V104 EDUCATION (0438) DK. 2, COL. 24
What is the highest grade of school that you have completed?

423 1 NOT A HIGH SCHOOL GRAD.

372 2 HIGH SCHOOL GRAD.

340 3 HIGH SCHOOL + TECH TRAINING

491 4 SOME COLLEGE

352 5 COLLEGE GRAD.

11 9 NA

V105 R'S OCCUPATIONAL STATUS (0457) DK. 2, COL. 25
Are you employed, looking for work, retired, or what?

1218 1 EMPLOYED

145 2 UNEMPLOYED

339 3 RETIRED/DISABLED

286 4 HOUSEWIFE/STUDENT

1 9 NA

V106 R'S OCCUPATION (0516) DK. 2, COL. 26
What is your primary occupation?

451 1 MANAGER/PROFESSIONAL

485 2 SALES/CLERICAL WORKER

330 3 SKILLED MANUAL WORKER

378 4 UNSKILLED MANUAL WORKER

68 5 FARMER, FARM WORKER

277   9 NA

V107 OCCUPATION OF HEAD OF HSHOLD (0590) DK. 2, COL. 27
What is the primary occupation of the head of your household?

486 1 MANAGER/PROFESSIONAL

384 2 SALES/CLERICAL WORKER

528 3 SKILLED MANUAL WORKER

396 4 UNSKILLED MANUAL WORKER

93 5 FARMER, FARM WORKER

102 9 NA

V108 FAMILY INCOME (0680) DK. 2, COL. 28
What was the total income of your family last year?

401 1 LESS THAN $10,000

232 2 $10,000-$15,000

392 3 $15,000-$25,000

437 4 $25,000-$40,000

322 5 MORE THAN $40,000

205 9 NA

V109 R'S INCOME (0681) DK. 2, COL. 29
What was your total income last year (not counting income earned by other members of the family)?

500 1 LESS THAN $5,000

301 2 $5,000-$10,000

297 3 $10,000-$15,000

373 4 $15,000-$25,000

339 5 MORE THAN $25,000

179 9 NA

V110 SOCIAL CLASS (0685) DK. 2, COL. 30 What would you call yourself: middle class or working class?

985 1 WORKING CLASS

944 2 MIDDLE CLASS

60 9 NA

V111 UNION MEMBER IN HOUSEHOLD? (0676) DK. 2, COL. 31
Does anyone in this household belong to a labor union?

427 1 YES

1558 2 NO

4 9 NA

V112 RELIGION (0687) DK. 2, COL. 32
What is your religious preference?

1237 1 PROTESTANT

506 2 CATHOLIC

44 3 JEWISH

29 4 OTHER

161 5 NONE

12 9 NA

V113 CHURCH ATTEND (0688) DK. 2, COL. 33
How often do you attend church or synagogue?

493 1 EVERY WEEK

222 2 ALMOST EVERY WEEK

262 3 1-2 TIMES/MONTH

569 4 INFREQUENTLY

272 5 NEVER

171 9 NA

V114 BORN AGAIN CHRISTIAN (1080) DK. 2, COL. 34
Have you had a deep religious experience such as being "born again" or "discovering Jesus Christ"? (Not asked of respondents who indicated that religion was unimportant in their lives.)

535 1 YES

940 2 NO

514 9 NA