A. VOTING BEHAVIOR AND RELATED ITEMS
V1 Voted in Election (5601)
Did you vote in the elections this November?
1723 1 Voted
527 2 Did Not Vote
1 9 NA
V2 Presidential Vote (5609)
Whom did you vote for in the presidential election?
569 1 Bush
799 2 Clinton
317 3 Perot
566 9 NA
V3 Presidential Vote in 1988 (3108)
Whom did you vote for in the presidential election in 1988?
833 1 Bush
500 2 Dukakis
919 9 NA
V4 House Vote (5623)
Whom did you vote for in the elections for the House of
Representatives? (response categorized by the party of the
candidate).
810 1 Democratic
575 2 Republican
867 9 NA
V5 Type of House Race (3021)
Classification of the type of race for the House of Representatives in the respondent's
congressional district. Districts were classified as to whether: (a) a Democratic incumbent
representative was running for re-election; (b) no incumbent was running for re-election; or (c) a
Republican incumbent was running for re-election.
1184 1 Democratic Incumbent Running
478 2 No Incumbent Running
590 3 Republican Incumbent Running
V6 Senate Vote (5628)
Whom did you vote for in the U. S. Senate race? (response categorized by the party of the
candidate).
537 1 Democratic
442 2 Republican
1272 9 NA
V7 Type of Senate Race (3022)
Classification of the type of race for the U. S. Senate in the respondent's state. States were
classified as to whether: (a) a Democratic incumbent representative was running for re-election;
(b) no incumbent was running for re-election; or (c) a Republican incumbent was running for
re-election.
490 1 Democratic Incumbent Running
428 2 No Incumbent Running
567 3 Republican Incumbent Running
766 9 NA
V8 Party Identification (3634)
Generally speaking, do you think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, an independent, or
what? If Democrat or Republican, would you call yourself a strong or a weak Democrat or
Republican? If independent, are you closer to the Republican Party or the Democratic Party?
388 1 Strong Democrat
395 2 Weak Democrat
318 3 Independent Democrat
255 4 Independent
282 5 Independent Republican
335 6 Weak Republican
250 7 Strong Republican
29 9 NA
582 2 Some
486 3 Little/None
166 9 NA
V11 Read Newspapers About Campaign? (3205)
How much attention did you pay to newspaper articles about the campaign for President?
500 1 Much
414 2 Some
1180 3 Little/None
157 9 NA
V12 Read Magazines About Campaign? (3207)
How much attention did you pay to magazine articles about the campaign for President?
234 1 Much
203 2 Some
1658 3 Little/None
156 9 NA
V13 Listen to Radio About Campaign? (3209)
How many speeches or discussions about the campaign did you listen to on radio?
149 1 Much
235 2 Some
1708 3 Little/None
160 9 NA
V14 Watch/Hear Talk Shows About Campaign? (3210)
Did you listen to or watch talk shows on radio or tv where people call in to voice their opinions?
1167 1 Yes
931 2 No
154 9 NA
V15 Discuss Politics? (5106)
How often do you discuss politics with your family or friends?
258 1 Every Day
411 2 3-4 Times per Week
680 3 1-2 Times per Month
515 4 Several Times per Yr
385 5 Never
3 9 NA
V16 Follow Political Affairs? (5721)
How often would you say you follow what's going on in government and public affairs?
590 1 Most of Time
931 2 Some of Time
486 3 Little
230 4 Very Little
13 9 NA
V17 Campaign Activity Index (5807, 5809, 5810 5812)
Index of respondent's activity in the campaign, built from "yes" answers to the following questions: Did you talk to any people and try to show them why they should vote for or against one of the parties or candidates?; Did you wear a campaign button, put a campaign sticker on your car, or place a sign in your window or in front of your house?; Did you go to any political meetings, rallies, speeches, dinners, or things like that in support of a particular candidate?; and Did you do any (other) work for one of the parties or candidates?
273 1 Two or More Acts
725 2 One Act
1254 3 No Act
V18 Campaign Contribution Index (5815, 5817)
Index of respondent's financial contribution to the campaign, built from "yes" answers to the
following questions: Did you give any money to an individual candidate running for public
office?; and Did you give any money to a political party during this election year?
166 1 Gave Money
2086 2 Did Not Give Money
275 1 Extremely Well
967 2 Quite Well
978 3 Not Well
31 9 NA
V20 Bush Knowledgeable? (3641)
How well does the phrase "he is knowledgeable" describe George Bush?
463 1 Extremely Well
1368 2 Quite Well
382 3 Not Well
38 9 NA
V21 Bush Honest? (3642)
How well does the phrase "he is honest" describe George Bush?
337 1 Extremely Well
965 2 Quite Well
886 3 Not Well
64 9 NA
V22 Bush Moral? (3637)
How well does the phrase "he is moral" describe George Bush?
565 1 Extremely Well
1173 2 Quite Well
440 3 Not Well
74 9 NA
V23 Bush Compassionate? (3636)
How well does the phrase "he is compassionate" describe George Bush?
312 1 Extremely Well
986 2 Quite Well
900 3 Not Well
54 9 NA
V24 Clinton Leader? (3648)
How well does the phrase "provides strong leadership" describe Bill Clinton?
235 1 Extremely Well
997 2 Quite Well
765 3 Not Well
255 9 NA
V25 Clinton Knowledgeable? (3650)
How well does the phrase "he is knowledgeable" describe Bill Clinton?
394 1 Extremely Well
1365 2 Quite Well
3 64 3 Not Well
129 9 NA
V26 Clinton Honest? (3651)
How well does the phrase "he is honest" describe Bill Clinton?
158 1 Extremely Well
873 2 Quite Well
984 3 Not Well
237 9 NA
V27 Clinton Moral? (3646)
How well does the phrase "he is moral" describe Bill Clinton?
116 1 Extremely Well
874 2 Quite Well
1066 3 Not Well
196 9 NA
How well does the phrase "he is compassionate" describe Bill Clinton?
294 1 Extremely Well
1331 2 Quite Well
422 3 Not Wel I
206 9 NA
V29 Bush: Pre-Election Feeling Therm (3305)
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do
you feel towards George Bush (assessed before the election)?
342 1 0-20
442 2 21-40
669 3 41-60
424 4 61-80
357 5 81-100
17 9 NA
V30 Bush: Post-Election Feeling Therm (5301)
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do
you feel towards George Bush (assessed after the election)?
236 1 0-20
434 2 21-40
728 3 41-60
415 4 61-80
421 5 81-100
18 9 NA
V31 Clinton: Pre-Election Feeling Therm (3306)
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do
you feel towards Bill Clinton (assessed before the election)?
238 1 0-20
405 2 21-40
723 3 41-60
429 4 61-80
407 5 81-100
49 9 NA
V32 Clinton: Post-Election Feeling Therm (5302)
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do you feel towards Bill Clinton
(assessed after the election)?
158 1 0-20
333 2 21-40
639 3 41-60
452 4 61-80
644 5 81-100
25 9 NA
V33 Perot: Pre-Election Feeling Therm (3307)
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do you feel towards Ross Perot
(assessed before the election)?
458 1 0-20
378 2 21-40
791 3 41-60
250 4 61-80
229 5 81-100
144 9 NA
V34 Perot: Post-Election Feeling Therm (5303)
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do you feel towards Ross Perot
(assessed after the election)?
271 1 0-20
368 2 21-40
897 3 41-60
365 4 61-80
285 5 81-100
66 9 NA
V35 Quayle: Pre-Election Feeling Therm (3308)
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do you feel towards Dan Quayle
(assessed before the election)?
566 1 0-20
450 2 21-40
758 3 41-60
238 4 61-80
170 5 81-100
69 9 NA
V36 Gore: Pre-Election Feeling Therm (3309)
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do
you feel towards Albert Gore (assessed before the election)?
157 1 0-20
283 2 21-40
744 3 41-60
372 4 61-80
349 5 81-100
347 9 NA
V38 Bush Foreign Policy Approval (3322)
Do you approve or disapprove of the way George Bush is
handling our relations with foreign countries?
805 1 Strongly Approve
556 2 Approve
319 3 Disapprove
500 4 Strongly Disapprove
71 9 NA
V39 Bush Economic Policy Approval (3324)
Do you approve or disapprove of the way George Bush is
handling the economy?
155 1 Strongly Approve
293 2 Approve
374 3 Disapprove
1376 4 Strongly Disapprove
53 9 NA
V40 How Country is Going (3526)
Do you feel things in this country are generally going in the right
direction, or do you feel things have pretty seriously gotten off
on the wrong track?
372 1 Right Direction
1809 2 Wrong Direction
71 9 NA
V41 Congressional job Approval (5950)
In general do you approve or disapprove of the way the U. S.
Congress has been handling its job?
128 1 Strongly Approve
517 2 Approve
456 3 Disapprove
957 4 Strongly Disapprove
193 9 NA
V42 Who to Blame for Deficit (3551)
Who do you think is more to blame for the federal budget
deficit, the Bush Administration or the Democratic Congress?
817 1 Bush Administration
457 2 Both
832 3 Democratic Congress
146 9 NA
V43 Divided Government Better? (5732)
Do you think it is better when one party controls both the
presidency and Congress; better when control is split between
the Democrats and the Republicans; or doesn't it matter?
690 1 One Party Control Best
602 2 Doesn't Matter
867 3 Divided Control Best
92 9 NA
V44 Most Important National Problem (5726)
What do you think is the most important problem facing this country?
922 1 Economy
307 2 Deficit
117 3 Health Care
204 4 Social Welfare
299 5 Other Domestic
60 6 Foreign/Defense
343 9 NA
V45 Which Party Best for Problem? (5728)
Which political party do you think would be most likely to get
the government to do a better job in dealing with this problem?
255 1 Republicans
900 2 No Difference
712 3 Democrats
385 9 NA
V50 Best Party for Economy (3545)
Which party do you think would do a better job of handling the nation's economy?
823 1 Democrats
933 2 No Difference
451 3 Republicans
44 9 NA
V51 Who Better for Economy? (3327)
Which presidential candidate do you think would do a better job
at handling the nation's economy?
514 1 Bush
677 2 No Difference
970 3 Clinton
91 9 NA
V52 Who Better for Deficit? (3332)
Which presidential candidate do you think would do a better job
at reducing the budget deficit?
417 1 Bush
889 2 No Difference
810 3 Clinton
136 9 NA
V54 Bush: Ideology (3514)
Respondent's placement of George Bush on a scale running from "Liberal" to "Conservative."
152 1 Liberal
156 2 Slightly Liberal
302 3 Moderate
388 4 Slightly Conservative
988 5 Conservative
266 9 NA
V55 Clinton: Ideology (3515)
Respondent's placement of Bill Clinton on a scale running from "Liberal" to "Conservative."
676 1 Liberal
540 2 Slightly Liberal
438 3 Moderate
164 4 Slightly Conservative
127 5 Conservative
307 9 NA
V56 Perot: Ideology (3516)
Respondent's placement of Ross Perot on a scale running from "Liberal" to "Conservative."
297 1 Liberal
203 2 Slightly Liberal
428 3 Moderate
262 4 Slightly Conservative
497 5 Conservative
565 9 NA
V57 Republican Party: Ideology (3517)
Respondent's placement of the Republican Party on a scale running from "Liberal" to "Conservative."
155 1 Liberal
140 2 Slightly Liberal
257 3 Moderate
362 4 Slightly Conservative
940 5 Conservative
399 9 NA
V58 Democratic Party: Ideology (3518)
Respondent's placement of the Democratic Party on a scale running from "Liberal" to "Conservative."
714 1 Liberal
476 2 Slightly Liberal
327 3 Moderate
194 4 Slightly Conservative
150 5 Conservative
391 9 NA
V60 Parties on Taxes ( 3550)
Which party is more likely to raise taxes?
790 1 Democrats
990 2 No Difference
434 3 Republicans
38 9 NA
V61 Government Services Scale (3701)
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "Government should provide many fewer
services, reduce spending a lot" to "Government should provide many more services, in
crease spending a lot."
301 1 Fewer
288 2
570 3
352 4
344 5 More
397 9 NA
V62 Bush: Govt Services Scale (3702)
Respondent's placement of George Bush on the government services scale (see V61).
493 1 Fewer
486 2
330 3
185 4
144 5 More
613 9 NA
V63 Clinton: Govt Services Scale (3703)
Respondent's placement of Bill Clinton on the government services scale (see V61).
69 1 Fewer
115 2
285 3
491 4
606 5 More
687 9 NA
V64 Guaranteed Job Scale (3718)
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "Government should see to it that every
person has a job and a good standard of living" to "Government should let each person get
ahead on their own."
356 1 Guaranteed job
245 2
441 3
401 4
536 5 Individual on Own
272 9 NA
V65 Bush: Guaranteed Job Scale (3719)
Respondent's placement of George Bush on the guaranteed job scale (see V64).
99 1 Guaranteed Job
132 2
348 3
442 4
849 5 Individual on Own
381 9 NA
V66 Clinton: Guaranteed Job Scale (3720)
Respondent's placement of Bill Clinton on the guaranteed job scale (see V64).
462 1 Guaranteed Job
439 2
466 3
208 4
181 5 Individual on Own
495 9 NA
V67 Health Plan Scale (3716)
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "There should be a government insurance
plan which would cover all medical and hospital expenses for everyone" to "All medical
expenses should be paid by individuals, and through private insurance plans like Blue Cross or
other company paid plans."
735 1 Government Plan
270 2
392 3
233 4
329 5 Private Plan
293 9 NA
V68 Who Better for Health Care? (3331)
Which presidential candidate do you think would do a better job at making health care more affordable?
371 1 Bush
504 2 No Difference
1294 3 Clinton
84 9 NA
V69 Urban Aid Scale (3746)
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "It is more important to correct the
problems of poverty and unemployment that give rise to disturbances" to "it is more important to
use all available force to maintain law and order."
691 1 Solve Problems
248 2
411 3
177 4
284 5 Use Force
440 9 NA
V70 Child Care Assistance (3745)
Do you think government should provide child care assistance to low and middle income
working parents or isn't it the government's responsibility?
1269 1 Govt Provide
774 2 Govt Should Not
208 9 NA
V71 Spending on Welfare (3726)
Should federal spending on welfare be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?
353 1 Increase
875 2 Same
954 3 Decrease
70 9 NA
V72 Spending on AIDS (3727)
Should federal spending on AIDS research be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?
1354 1 Increase
671 2 Same
171 3 Decrease
57 9 NA
V73 Spending on Social Security (3811)
Should federal spending on Social Security be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?
1067 1 Increase
1057 2 Same
96 3 Decrease
32 9 NA
V74 Spending on College Aid (3728)
Should federal spending on financial aid for college students be increased, decreased, or kept
about the same?
1345 1 Increase
679 2 Same
176 3 Decrease
52 9 NA
V75 Spending on Environment (3815)
Should federal spending on improving and protecting the environment be increased, decreased,
or kept about the same?
1359 1 Increase
760 2 Same
95 3 Decrease
39 9 NA
V76 Spending on Science (3812)
Should federal spending on science and technology be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?
931 1 Increase
982 2 Same
278 3 Decrease
61 9 NA
V77 Spending on Crime (3814)
Should federal spending on dealing with crime be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?
1559 1 Increase
573 2 Same
74 3 Decrease
46 9 NA
V79 Use of Military Force (3605)
In the future, how willing should the U. S. be to use military force to solve international problems?
510 1 Very Willing
1235 2 Somewhat Willing
70 3 Not Very Willing
36 9 NA
V80 Defense Spending Scale (3707)
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "We should spend much less on defense" to
"We should greatly increase defense spending."
453 1 Decrease
469 2
641 3
257 4
140 5 Increase
291 9 NA
V81 Bush: Defense Spending Scale (3708)
Respondent's placement of George Bush on the defense spending scale (see V80).
100 1 Decrease
184 2
393 3
517 4
567 5 Increase
491 9 NA
V82 Clinton: Defense Spending Scale (3709)
Respondent's placement of Bill Clinton on the defense spending scale (see V80).
414 1 Decrease
478 2
458 3
153 4
78 5 Increase
671 9 NA
V83 Gulf War Involvement (3608)
Do you think we did the right thing in sending U. S. military forces to the Persian Gulf or should
we have stayed out?
1696 1 Did Right Thing
427 2 Did Wrong Thing
129 9 NA
V84 Was Gulf War Worth Cost? (3629)
All things considered, do you think the Persian Gulf war was worth the cost or not?
1193 1 Yes
944 2 No
115 9 NA
V85 Gulf War End (3630)
Do you think that the U. S. should have continued to fight Iraq until Saddam Hussein was driven from power or was the U. S. right to stop fighting after Kuwait was liberated?
1373 1 Should Have Continued
781 2 Should Have Stopped
97 9 NA
V86 Spending on USSR Aid (3731)
Should federal spending on aid to countries of the former Soviet Union be increased, decreased, or kept about the same?
365 1 Increase
888 2 Same
913 3 Decrease
85 9 NA
V87 Should Have Served in Vietnam (3525)
Do you think that most men who tried to avoid military service during the Vietnam War should have served regardless of their personal beliefs?
968 1 Yes
1039 2 No
245 9 NA
V88 Who Better for Foreign Affairs? (3328)
Which presidential candidate do you think would do a better job at handling foreign affairs?
1277 1 Bush
391 2 No Difference
473 3 Clinton
110 9 NA
V89 Parties on War (3602)
Looking ahead, do you think that the problem of keeping out of war would be better handled in the next four years by the Republicans, by the Democrats, or about the same by both?
404 1 Democrats
1323 2 No Difference
456 3 Republicans
68 9 NA
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "Government should make every effort to improve the social and economic position of blacks" to "Government should not make any special effort to help blacks because they should help themselves."
231 1 Help Minorities
225 2
532 3
314 4
722 5 Minorities on Own
226 9 NA
V91 Fair Employment for Blacks? (5938)
Should the government see to it that black people get fair treatment in jobs?
865 1 Yes
648 2 No
738 9 NA
V92 Affirmative Action Index (5936, 5948)
Index built from respondent's agreement or disagreement with the following two statements: Because of past discrimination, blacks should be given preference in hiring and promotion; and Because of past discrimination, it is sometimes necessary for colleges and universities to reserve openings for black students.
382 1 Commitment
801 2
869 3 Opposition
199 9 NA
V93 Equal jobs for Gays? (5924)
Do you favor or oppose laws to protect homosexuals against job discrimination?
693 1 Strongly Favor
600 2 Favor
319 3 Oppose
525 4 Strongly Oppose
114 9 NA
V94 Allow Gays in Military? (5926)
Do you think that homosexuals should be allowed to serve in the United States Armed Forces or don't you think so?
684 1 Strongly Favor
563 2 Favor
195 3 Oppose
692 4 Strongly Oppose
117 9 NA
V95 Equality Index (6024, 6026, 6027, 6028, 6029)
Index of respondent's commitment to equality built from agreement or disagreement with the following statements: Our society should do whatever necessary to make sure that every one has an equal opportunity to succeed; This country would be better off if we worried less about how equal people are; It is not really that big a problem if some people have more of a chance in life than others; If people were treated more equally in this country we would have many fewer problems; and One of the big problems in this country is we don't give everyone an equal chance. (NOTE: Scores on this index are relative; individuals classified as "high" (or "low") are simply higher (lower) than others not high (low) in an absolute sense.
502 1 High
576 2
636 3
487 4 Low
51 9 NA
Respondent's agreement with one of the following statements: By law, abortion should never be permitted; The law should permit abortion only in case of rape, incest, or when the woman's life is in danger; The law should permit abortion for reasons other than rape, incest, or danger to the woman's life, but only after the need for the abortion has been clearly established; By law, a woman should always be able to obtain an abortion as a matter of personal choice.
232 1 Never Permitted
624 2 For Rape, Incest, Etc.
306 3 If Need Established
1040 4 Always Permitted
50 9 NA
V97 Bush: Abortion (3733)
Respondent's placement of George Bush on the abortion scale (see V(96).
628 1 Never Permitted
956 2 For Rape, Incest, Etc.
227 3 If Need Established
140 4 Always Permitted
300 9 NA
V98 Clinton: Abortion (3734)
Respondent's placement of Bill Clinton on the abortion scale (see V96).
118 1 Never Permitted
278 2 For Rape, Incest, Etc.
342 3 If Need Established
1108 4 Always Permitted
406 9 NA
V99 Govt Spending for Abortion (3738)
Do you favor or oppose a law in your state that would allow the use of government funds to help pay for the costs of abortionfor women who cannot afford them?
631 1 Strongly Favor
472 2 Favor
303 3 Oppose
768 4 Strongly Oppose
78 9 NA
V100 Sexual Harassment Protection (3743)
Do you think enough is being done to protect women from being sexually harassed in the workplace, is too much being done, or too little being done?
167 1 Too Much
666 2 Enough
1097 3 Too Little
322 9 NA
V101 Women's Role Scale (3801)
Respondent's self-placement on a scale running from "Women should have an equal role with men in running business, industry, and government" to "Women's place is in the home."
1161 1 Equal Role
310 2
149 3
298 4
230 5 In the Home
103 9 NA
V102 School Prayer (5945)
Respondent's agreement with one of the following statementson prayer in school: By law, prayers should not be allowed in public schools; The law should allow public schools to schedule time when children can pray silently if they want to; The law should allow public schools to schedule time when children, as a group, can say a general prayer not tied to a particular religious faith; or By law, public schools should schedule time when all children would say a chosen Christian prayer.
234 1 Not Allowed
1012 2 Silent Prayer
543 3 Non-Denominational Prayer
202 4 Christian Prayer
262 9 NA
V103 Death Penalty (5934)
Do you favor or oppose the death penalty for persons convicted of murder?
1303 1 Strongly Favor
340 2 Favor
169 3 Oppose
254 4 Strongly Oppose
186 9 NA
V104 Desired Immigration Policy? (6235)
Do you think the number of immigrants from foreign countries who are permitted to come to the United States to live should be increased, left the same as now, or decreased?
170 1 Increase
932 2 Same
1063 3 Decrease
86 9 NA
V105 Lifestyle Tolerance Index (6115, 6116, 6117, 6118)
Index of respondent's tolerance to alternative lifestyles built from agreement or disagreement with the following statements: The world is always changing and we should adjust our view of moral behavior to those changes; We should be more tolerant of people who choose to live according to their own moral standards even if they are very different from our own; This country would have many fewer problems if there were more emphasis on traditional family ties; and The newer lifestyles are contributing to the breakdown of our society. (NOTE: Scores on this index are relative; individuals classified as "high" (or "low") are simply higher (lower) than others not high (low) in an absolute sense.
407 1 High
577 2
450 3
432 4
343 5 Low
42 9 NA
Do you agree or disagree with the statement, "People like me don't have any say about what the government does?"
806 1 Agree
135 2 Neutral
1293 3 Disagree
18 9 NA
V107 Officials Do Not Care (6103)
Do you agree or disagree with the statement, "I don't think public officials care much what people like me think?"
1166 1 Agree
221 2 Neutral
843 3 Disagree
22 9 NA
V108 Politics Too Complicated (6104)
Do you agree or disagree with the statement, "Sometimes politics and government seem so complicated that a person like me can't really understand what's going on?"
1456 1 Agree
164 2 Neutral
616 3 Disagree
15 9 NA
V109 Political Efficacy Index (6102, 6103, 6104)
Index of respondent's feelings of political efficacy built from agreement or disagreement to statements in V106, V107, and V108.
584 1 Low
721 2
507 3
407 4 High
32 9 N A
V110 Trust in Government? (6120)
How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?
652 1 Most of Time
1571 2 Some of Time
29 9 NA
V111 Government WasteTaxes? (6121)
Do you think that people in government waste a lot of the money we pay in taxes, waste some of it, or don't waste very much of it?
39 1 Not Much
671 2 Some
1509 3 A Lot
32 9 NA
V112 Government Run for All? (6122)
Would you say the government is pretty much run by a few big interests looking out for themselves or that it is run for the benefit of all the people?
452 1 For All
1683 2 For Few
116 9 NA
V113 Government People Crooked? (6123)
Do you think that quite a few of the people running the government are crooked or that not very many of them are?
1172 1 Not Many
1022 2 Quite a Few
58 9 NA
V114 Trust n Govt Index (6120, 6121, 6122, 6123)
Index of respondent's trust in government built from answers to statements in V110, V111, V112, and V113.
363 1 High
546 2
490 3
686 4 Low
167 9 NA
V115 Big Government Index (5729, 5730, 5731)
Index of respondent's attitude towards size of government built from selections from the following pairs of statements: (1) The less government the better or There are more things government should be doing; (2) We need a strong government to handle today's complex economic problems or The free market can handle these problems without government being involved; and (3) The main reason government has become bigger over the years is because it has gotten involved in things that people should do for themselves or Government has become bigger because the problems we face have become bigger.
993 1 Too Big
1155 2 Too Small
104 9 NA
V116 Congressional Term Limits (3747)
Do you favor or oppose a law that would limit members of Congress to no more than 12 years of service in that office?
1623 1 Favor
362 2 Oppose
267 9 NA
V117 Moral Standards for Officials (3519)
Do you think that people who run for high public office should display higher moral standards in their personal life than does the average citizen?
1272 1 Higher
781 2 Not Higher
199 9 NA
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do you feel towards Hillary Clinton (assessed before the election)?
203 1 0-20
278 2 21-40
972 3 41-60
368 4 61-80
271 5 81-100
160 9 NA
V119 Buchanan: Pre-El Feeling Therm (3315)
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do you feel towards Pat Buchanan (assessed before the election)?
370 1 0-20
363 2 21-40
880 3 41-60
149 4 61-80
63 5 81-100
427 9 NA
V120 Jackson: Pre-El Feeling Therm (3316)
On a scale of 0 degrees to 100 degrees, how warm or cool do you feel towards Jesse Jackson (assessed before the election)?
411 1 0-20
465 2 21-40
819 3 41-60
268 4 61-80
216 5 81-100
72 9 NA
V121 Ethnic Culture (3524)
Some people say that it is better for America if different racial and ethnic groups maintain their distinct cultures. Others say that it is better if groups change so that they blend into the larger society as in the idea of a melting pot. Which of these positions comes closer to your own opinion?
686 1 Be Distinct
377 2 In Between
994 3 Blend In
195 9 NA
V122 House Bank Scandal (5716)
Which of the following statements is closer to your own opinion: Representatives who wrote bad checks acted so dishonestly they should be voted out of office; or Representatives who wrote only a few bad checks should not be voted out of office, but representatives who wrote a lot of bad checks should be voted out of office; or Writing bad checks is not a serious enough mistake to disqualify someone for office?
778 1 Voted Out
548 2 Depends
334 3 Not Voted Out
593 9 NA
V123 Extramarital Affairs Wrong? (6119)
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is always wrong for a married person to have sexual relations with someone other than their marriage partner?
1568 1 Strongly Agree
301 2 Agree
174 3 Disagree
189 4 Strongly Disagree
20 9 NA
V124 Child Rearing Index (6019, 6020, 6021)
Index of respondent's attitudes towards traditional vs. nontraditional child rearing built from the following questions: For each of the following pairs of desirable qualities, tell me which one is more important for a child to have-Independence or Respect for elders; Obedience or Self-reliance; and Curiosity or Good manners.
866 1 Traditional
639 2
528 3 Non-Traditional
219 9 NA
Respondent's gender.
1064 1 Male
1187 2 Female
V126 Race (4202)
Respondent's race or ethnicity.
1746 1 White
281 2 Black
168 3 Hispanic
51 4 Other
6 9 NA
V127 Age (3903)
Respondent's age.
238 1 18-24
563 2 25-34
507 3 35-44
351 4 45-54
225 5 55-64
369 6 65 and Older
V128 Marital Status (3904)
Respondent's marital status.
1390 1 Married
354 2 Single
247 3 Divorced/Separated
167 4 Widowed
87 5 Living with Partner
7 9 NA
V129 Education (3908)
What is the highest grade of school you have completed?
385 1 Not a HS Grad
754 2 HS Grad Only
527 3 Some College
527 4 College Grad
58 9 NA
V130 Employment Status (3914)
Are you employed, looking for work, retired, or what?
1436 1 Employed
147 2 Unemployed
365 3 Retired/Disabled
237 4 Homemaker
66 5 Student
1 9 NA
V131 Occupation (3955)
What is your primary occupation?
611 1 Profess i o nal/Managerial
473 2 Clerical/Sales
414 3 Skilled Manual
369 4 Unskilled Manual
76 5 Farm
308 9 NA
V132 Family Income (4104)
What was the total income of your family last year?
259 1 Less than $10,000
215 2 $10,000 to $15,000
325 3 $15,000 to $25,000
323 4 $25,000 to $35,000
381 5 $35,000 to $50,000
373 6 $50,000 to $75,000
212 7 75,000 and *over
164 9 NA
V133 Social Class (4112)
What would you call yourself: middle class or working class?
1050 1 Working Class
1010 2 Middle Class
192 9 NA
V134 Religious Affiliation (3850)
What is your religious preference? (Note: Mainline Protestants include Episcopalians, Lutherans,
Methodists, Presbyterians, and other smaller sects; Evangelical Protestants include Baptists,
Pentecostal churches, and other smaller churches; Catholic includes Roman Catholics and
Eastern Orthodox churches; Other includes mostly Mormons, Jehovah's Witnesses, Christian
Scientists, and Muslims.
563 1 Mainline Protestant
710 2 Evangelical Protestant
539 3 Catholic
41 4 Jewish
74 5 Other
318 6 None
7 9 NA
V135 Church Attendance (3828)
How often do you go to religious services?
608 1 Every Week
250 2 Almost Every Week
303 3 1-2 Times a Month
329 4 Few Times a Year
753 5 Never
9 9 NA
V136 Born Again Christian? (3847)
Would you call yourself a born-again Christian; that is, have you personally had a conversion experience related to Jesus Christ?
684 1 Yes
1141 2 No
426 9 NA
V137 Region (3017)
Region of the country that the respondent lives in.
498 1 Northeast
601 2 Midwest
695 3 South
458 4 West
V138 Size of Community (3067)
Size of the community the respondent lives in.
756 1 Large Urban Area
785 2 Medium Urban Area
711 3 Town or Rural Area
V139 Type of Community (3067)
Type of community the respondent lives in.
549 1 Central City
992 2 Suburban Area
711. 3 Non-Metro Area