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Mammalian metallothioneins (MT’s) are small molecular
weight proteins consisting of 20 cysteine thiolates which serve to bind
7 divalent metal ions. It has been postulated that MT plays a pivotal
role in the regulation of cellular pools of metal including zinc, and may
be the regulated factor controlling the activation and innactivation of
certain zinc dependent enzymes. It is hypothesized that MT donates
zinc to apo-metalloproteins such as alkaline phosphatase via glutathione
which acts as an intermediary transport molecule in this process.
In order to test this hypothesis it is necessary to generate apo-metallothionein
and reconstitute the protein using a form of metal, such as a radio or
stable isotope, that can be distinguished from extrinsic sources of the
metal. Preparation of the purified apo-mt product was accomplished
by acidification and pressure dialysis. Quantification of metal removal
was determined by HPLC-ICP-MS from the integrated areas of FIA injections
constituting 2.5 ng of metal. The results showed a 83.7% reduction
in copper, a 92.4% reduction cadmium, a 100% reduction of zinc, and a 100%
reduction in molybdenum.
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