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California State University, Long Beach
Health Resource Center, Student Health Services
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Drugs

Marijuana

What it is

http://www.marijuanaaddiction.info/img/marijuana.jpgMarijuana is a psychoactive drug that affects the Central Nervous System. The active ingredient in Marijuana is THC (Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol). Marijuana is the most widely used drug behind alcohol and tobacco. Also, marijuana is used in religious ceremonies and originated from the Himalayan mountains. It is illegal in most countries.

What it does

Effects vary for each person. Common effects are:

  • Slow reflexes
  • Dry mouth, red eyes
  • Relaxed dreamy feeling
  • Reduced short-term memory
  • Paranoia/ anxiety
  • Heightened humor or talkativeness
  • Increased hunger
  • Poor depth perception
  • Greater intensity of sight and/or other senses

Short/ Long term effects

  • Regular use can cause the same breathing problems as tobacco
  • If smoked, marijuana contains some of the same carcinogens as in cigarettes and could cause cancer
  • Smoking marijuana increases risk of developing schizophrenia or psychosis

Risk Reduction Techniques

Using a vaporizer or ingesting marijuana through use with food products will negate the negative effects of carcinogens and breathing problems. Not inhaling as deeply can increase the feelings of relaxation and lessen the nausea experienced. If your family has a history of schizophrenia it is strongly recommended to not use marijuana.

Prescription Drugs

What it is

istockphoto_344391_perscription_spillPrescription drugs can be easily abused because of their availability and societal acceptability. Prescription abuse is commonly misconceived as less dangerous than other drug use because these drugs are legal and prescribed by accredited doctors. Drugs most commonly abused are pain relievers (opiates), Central Nervous system depressants, & Central Nervous system stimulants.

What it does

Effects vary from drug to drug:

  • Opiates cause:
    • Feelings of euphoria, well-being
    • Drowsiness
    • Loss of pain and perception
    • Nodding off
  • CNS Depressants cause:
    • Slurred speech
    • Quick temper
    • Impaired judgment
    • Sense of well-being
    • Loss of motor coordination
  • CNS Stimulants cause:
    • Talkative
    • Active
    • Wakeful
    • Restless
    • Hyperactivity
    • Euphoric
    • Repetitive/compulsive behavior

Short/ Long term effects

  • Opiates:
    • itchy skin
    • Nausea
    • Constipation
    • Shallow breathing
  • CNS Depressants:
    • Lower blood pressure
    • Interferes with REM sleep
    • Slower respiration
    • Mental depression
    • Seizure
    • Drowsiness
  • CNS Stimulants:
    • Dry mouth
    • Cardiovascular failure or irregular heart rhythms
    • Headache
    • High blood pressure
    • Loss of appetite
    • Teeth grinding
    • Seizures

Risk Reduction Techniques

Knowing the difference between use and abuse can be difficult to define. Self-medicating by increasing the dosage without the recommendation of a medical professional can lead to abuse. Never STOP taking a prescribed medication without first attaining consent from your doctor. If abuse is suspected, early detection can lead to positive choices for solving the problem.

Club Drugs

What it is

Club drugs are defined as the drugs that are popular in the “club” scene. These drugs include LSD, Ecstasy, Ketamine, GHB, Rohypnol, etc. These drugs usually have stimulant and psychedelic properties. Club drugs are many different substances grouped together because of their use. Often these drugs are mixed & used in conjunction with each other, a behavior called poly-drug use. These drugs are popular for use at clubs or raves for their either sedative or euphoric producing properties. Also, these drugs enhance and intensify the senses of touch and hearing. This drug classification varies with popularity of drugs.

What it does

  • Symptoms can be combined because of poly-drug use.
  • Ecstasy: Enables users to dance vigorously for long periods of time. Relieves anxiety and produces relaxation and creates feelings of strong empathy and understanding.
  • LSD: A psychedelic drug that causes vivid hallucinations including visual and audio.
  • Ketamine: out of body experiences, floating, light feeling if taken in small quantities.
  • GHB: Euphoric, relaxed happy feeling if taken in small quantities.
  • Rohypnol: Sedative properties & short term amnesia

Short/ Long term effects

  • Ecstasy: Cognitive learning difficulties, brain chemistry change.
  • Possible kidney failure.
  • Neurotoxicity if overdosed. Overheating of the body can easily occur.
    LSD: Can trigger mental disorders or produce anxiety attacks.
  • Ketamine: can lead to neurosis or mental disorders; confusion; impairment of concentration, memory, or attention processes; may increase risk of schizophrenia or psychosis.
  • GHB: can cause coma, nausea, weakness, and confusion.
  • Rohypnol:Cognitive learning problems can develop.

Risk Reduction Techniques

It is strongly recommended to not use these drugs in combination with each other, and definitely NOT with alcohol. Most of these drugs leave the user vulnerable to sexual assault and thus all users should be watched at all times. Overdose is always a constant threat and ecstasy users should have 2-4 cups of water each hour.

Cocaine & Methamphetamine

What it is

drug,drugs,cocaineCocaine & Methamphetamine are psycho-stimulant drugs. Cocaine is derived from the Coca plant while Meth is manufactured in labs. They help the user get a quick burst of energy, or stay up all night. Many students use these drugs to cram for tests, to increase energy to party and for dieting. Their usage and effects are very similar.

What it does

  • Heightened state of awareness
  • Produces feelings of euphoria & excitement
  • Less desire to sleep
  • Raises energy level and stamina
  • General sense of well-being
  • Decrease appetite
  • Prolonged state of high agitation

Short/ Long term effects

  • Cognitive impairments
  • Can cause psychosis
  • Weakens immune system
  • Rapid tooth decay
  • Acne, skin sores
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Neurotoxicity (brain damage)
  • May lead to unsafe sex behaviors
  • If using needles, high risk of HIV infection

Risk Reduction Techniques

Cocaine & Meth are both highly addictive substances, mixing with other drugs increases adverse effects. Any method of intake is also highly dangerous, injection risks infection (HIV, Hepatitis C), snorting destroys the mucus membranes and smoking causes tooth decay. A higher prevalence of HIV and STIs is more common among users of these drugs due to unsafe sex behaviors. Meth use has been associated with triggering mental illness (depression, bipolar, and schizophrenia).